How do personality disorders explain deviance

According to Freud, the personality is comprised of three components: ID- is that fundamental aspect of the personality from which drives, wishes urges, and desires emanate. The ID is direct and singular in purpose. It operates according to the pleasure principle, seeking full and immediate gratification of its.

Antisocial Personality Disorder Personality disorders are a class of mental disorders. People with mental disorders in general typically have a staggered pattern of thinking, functioning, and behaving. In other words, ASPD is a condition where people suffering with the disorder tend to no care about rules or laws, and. Personality disorders are persistent, profoundly ingrained and nonadaptive patterns of behaviors of a unique or specified kind, with the typical age of onset being adolescence or early adulthood.

These Personality disorders cause long term difficulties in relationships and ultimately impairs the functioning of the individual. Crime is found when a criminal personality type comes in contact with the necessary environmental stimuli that causes it to come to the surface of some sort of deviant behavior. Many factors lead a person. Moral developmental theories There are psychological theories that can lead someone to commit digital crimes are; moral development theories, personal disorder theories, and personality disorders Fritch et al, Criminal conduct occurs when an opportunity to offend transpires and there is a delay in the development of moral reasoning in the individual.

Experts are already speculating that the psychological trauma of multiple redeployments contributed to Sgt. While psychiatric diagnoses are commonly used to explain deviance, one must remember that what counts as a legitimate diagnosis is always in contention. The DSM, the manual for what the psychological community recognizes as a legitimate psychiatric diagnosis, is a revised manual.

One example of the importance of these revisions: homosexuality used to be included in the DSM as a psychiatric condition. Thus, until it was removed in , homosexuality the psychological condition could have been a psychological explanation for deviant sexuality.

However, since being removed from the DSM, homosexuality is no longer recognized as a legitimate psychiatric condition and, therefore, the now debunked homosexuality-as-psychiatric-condition does not serve an explanatory role in regards to deviant sexuality.

This goes to demonstrate the fluctuating nature of psychological theories of deviance. Learning Objectives Discuss the problematic aspects of psychological theories of deviance. Key Points Conduct disorder is a psychological disorder diagnosed in childhood that presents itself through a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others of major age-appropriate norms are violated.

Though psychological theories are frequently employed to explain deviant behavior, one should bear in mind that the stability of psychological categories is constantly in flux. Explain the concept of distress as it relates to mental illness. Explain the concept of deviance as it relates to mental illness. Explain the concept of dangerousness as it relates to mental illness. Define culture and social norms.

Know the cost of mental illness to society. Identify and describe the various types of mental health professionals. For instance, an individual experiencing delusions that he is an omnipotent deity would have a breakdown in cognition because his thought processes are not consistent with reality.

An individual who is unable to experience pleasure would have a breakdown in emotion. Finally, an individual who is unable to leave her home and attend work due to fear of having a panic attack would be exhibiting a breakdown in behavior. Distress or Impairment — Distress can take the form of psychological or physical pain, or both concurrently. Simply put, distress refers to suffering. Alone though, distress is not sufficient enough to describe behavior as abnormal. Why is that?

An athlete who experiences a career-ending injury would display distress as well. Suffering is part of life and cannot be avoided. And some people who display abnormal behavior are generally positive while doing so.

This refers to the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of a behavior in dealing with challenges or accomplishing goals. Typically discussed maladaptive behaviors include physically harmful behaviors, behaviors that prevent the person from taking care of themselves, those that prevent communication with others, and those that interfere with social bonding and relationships.

As with our other perspectives, there are major concerns with this one. First, how adaptive a behavior is hard to objectively quantify. If a person is engaging in coercive behaviors, stealing, and lying to others, most people would say those are maladaptive behaviors and depending on his age, qualify you for a diagnosis of Conduct Disorder or Antisocial Personality Disorder. But what if you learn that he was doing this to obtain food or medicine for his family?

Would that still be maladaptive? For instance, in many Native American tribes, it is considered disrespectful to look an elder directly in the eye when talking to them. In other cultures, though, it would be considered disrespectful to not look them in the eye. Finally, this perspective clashes mightily with the statistical deviance perspective, in that statistically deviant behaviors e. Another, different way to think about mental disorders is captured in the concept of categories versus dimensions.

In a categorical model, psychopathology is dichotomous, either being present or not being present. Dimensional models, on the other hand, acknowledge the fact that the vast majority of human behavior exists on a continuum, rather than the polarized view of the categorical model. What tends to be labeled as abnormal and unusual are merely the far ends of this normal curve of behavior.

In this model, then, mental disorders are just extreme variations of normal psychological phenomena or problems that many or most of us experience. The dimensional model has a very large amount of scientific support, particularly in the area of personality disorders. Support has been found for dimensional models of many other disorders, though, including anxiety, depressive episodes, and even psychotic disorders. Unfortunately, however, the real-world often requires caseness or non-caseness.

In many instances one must be diagnosed with a particular mental disorder to obtain certain things, such as insurance reimbursement, special services at school, or disability benefits. This, subsequently, creates a tension between the need for categories and the lack of scientific support for them.

It provides diagnostic criteria for almost mental disorders. But how exactly does it define mental disorder?